What is the function of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)?

The function of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is to prevent loops in switched networks. In Ethernet networks, if there are multiple paths between switches, it can lead to broadcast storms, multiple frame copies, and other issues that degrade network performance. STP is designed to identify and disable redundant paths to create a loop-free topology. It does this by allowing only one active path between network devices while placing other redundant paths in a standby state. If the active path fails, STP can automatically re-enable a standby path to maintain network connectivity, ensuring reliability and stability in the network.

By managing the topology of the network and preventing loops, STP plays a crucial role in maintaining an efficient and smooth-flowing data environment, a critical aspect of switched networks.