How does a switch compare to a hub in terms of data forwarding?

A switch operates at layer 2 of the OSI model, which allows it to intelligently forward data specifically to the device for which that data is intended. It uses a MAC address table, learning the addresses of devices connected to its ports, ensuring that when data arrives, it only sends it to the port corresponding to the destination MAC address. This targeted approach minimizes unnecessary traffic on the network and makes data transmission more efficient.

In contrast, a hub operates at layer 1 and does not have the capability to differentiate between devices. It broadcasts incoming data packets to all ports, regardless of the intended recipient. This can lead to increased network traffic, potential collisions, and slower performance.

This distinction is crucial for understanding how network devices impact data flow and efficiency. A switch’s ability to specifically target devices while a hub indiscriminately forwards data to all connected devices showcases the significant advancements in network technology that switches have introduced.